The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 500,000 people experience spinal cord injuries (SCI) every year. Researchers at the Center for Neuroprosthetic and Brain Mind Institute in Switzerland reported that approximately half of human spinal cord injuries lead to paralysis severe enough to keep the person in a wheelchair for the rest of his or her life. An incomplete spinal cord injury is sufficient to cause severe motor impairments, but a few nerve fiber bridges remain. Can researchers figure out a way to repair these paths and help the patient regain functional movement after spinal cord injury? Read the rest of the story
"Functional deficits of rats with 20 to 30% spared reticulospinal fibers were comparable to patients able to walk but with strong deficits in strength and speed [for example, individuals with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS)–D scores]. MLR DBS enabled close to normal locomotion in these rats. In more extensively injured animals, with less than 10% spared reticulospinal fibers, hindlimbs were almost fully paralyzed, comparable to wheelchair-bound patients (for example, AIS-A, B, and C). With MLR DBS, hindlimb function reappeared under gravity-released conditions during swimming. We propose that therapeutic MLR DBS using the brain’s own motor command circuits may offer a potential new approach to treat persistent gait disturbances in patients suffering from chronic incomplete spinal cord injury."